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<p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Yes, it does ripple out. But philosophically and in terms of precedent setting: Literally any call to a third-party method can produced an unchecked exception. We certainly can't and don't check them all. Since AFAICT this is not a "real" case seen in the wild (just some artificial test code that the OP wrote), my offhand thought is to not set that precedent. No one is realistically going to send a signature with an empty reference.</p>
<p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">To be clear, I do think Santuario should fix, so maybe I'll just proactively open a ticket with them and link back to this one. I'm not 100% opposed to adding a defensive check on our side, since someone has discovered this particular issue. But that seems inconsistent/incomplete, given that there's likely hundreds/thousands of other things like this that could artificially produce unchecked exceptions, that we would never really see in the wild.</p>
<p style="margin: 10px 0 0 0">Also, for the record, I personally don't think NPEs are qualitatively different than other unchecked exceptions. For example, we probably have lots of cases where we check for null and then throw an unchecked ConstraintViolationException. That's better for error reporting and debugging, but I don't think seeing an NPE is somehow fundamentally worse. I know some people disagree and think NPEs are a special kind of Evil.</p>
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